Polycystic ovarian syndrome, or Stein Leventhal syndrome, affects approximately one in every 12 women and is thought to be one of the leading causes of infertility in women. PCOS symptoms are not particularly pleasant, and experiencing them can have a large effect on self esteem and confidence.
Symptoms of PCOS
It can be tricky to get a diagnosis of polycystic ovarian syndrome, as symptoms and severity can vary greatly between women. Sometimes it may take visits to several doctors before a diagnosis is made. It’s likely that many women don’t even know they have it.
PCOS is usually determined through blood tests, apparent symptoms and imaging techniques such as an ultrasound. It’s best to see a GP or endocrinologist (hormone specialist) for diagnosis and treatment.
Common symptoms will usually include a combination of several of the following:
- polycystic ovaries (ovaries with a large number of follicles rather than the usual one or two)
- irregular periods and/or infertility
- high cholesterol and/or high blood pressure
- excess facial or body hair, acne and/or elevated male hormone levels
- weight gain, particularly in the belly area, and difficulty losing weight
- insulin resistance
PCOS Treatment – The Importance of Lifestyle Changes
Polycystic ovarian syndrome cannot be cured; however, it can be managed to the point where symptoms no longer manifest (or are at least less severe).
Although various medications may help address the symptoms, having a low body fat percentage and maintaining a balanced diet – particularly of low GI foods – are the best ways to manage PCOS.
Frequent exercise and a lean physique greatly reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease, Type II diabetes, infertility, and various other complications that may arise from polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Weight Loss, Fertility and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Unfortunately, excess weight can further aggravate insulin resistance and hormonal imbalances. As these are key symptoms of PCOS, sufferers may find it quite difficult to lose weight. This can cause the symptoms to progressively become more severe if weight continues to increase and the disorder is left untreated.
It should be noted that not all PCOS sufferers have weight issues – there are many women who have lean physiques but still experience other symptoms from the above list. A healthy lifestyle will still help improve fertility and symptom severity in these cases.
For examples of some leaner women with PCOS, celebrities who have polycystic ovarian syndrome include Victoria Beckham, Emma Thompson, Kym Marsh and celebrity chef Jamie Oliver’s wife, Jools.
Exercise Recommendations for PCOS
Weight loss for PCOS sufferers may be difficult, but it’s not impossible. A combination of regular cardiovascular exercise and resistance training is recommended. At least three to four times per week for at least 30 minutes each session will help to keep body fat low.
If high male hormone levels are present, bodyweight training (such as squats, lunges, push ups and yoga) will help strengthen and tone muscles without adding bulk. Alternatively, high repetition, low weight exercises will also be beneficial.
Further Reading:
- SoulCysters.com. “Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Treatment & Resources” (accessed July 18, 2010).
- GlycemicIndex.com. “The Glycemic Index” (accessed July 18, 2010).
References:
- Brand-Miller, J., Farid, N., & Marsh, K. The Low GI Guide to Managing PCOS. Australia: Hodder, 2004.
- Fertility Associates. “Fertility Associates – Gynaecology, Endocrinology, Obstetric and Genetic Services” (accessed July 18, 2010).
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